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Sodium Hydroxide 1.0 N (1.0 M) Solution

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SKU: ZS0607-32
California prop 65
Description
  • What it is. This sodium hydroxide solution is a 1.0 N (1.0 M) volumetric base, available in 1-quart and 1-gallon sizes. It is a clear, colorless alkaline solution used to titrate concentrated acids, prepare dilutions, and adjust pH.
  • Molar equals normal. Sodium hydroxide releases one hydroxide ion per formula unit, so 1.0 N equals 1.0 M. Each liter contains about 40.00 g of NaOH, and each milliliter neutralizes 1.0 millimole of acid, equal to 36.46 mg of HCl (calculated).
  • A convenient stock strength. At 1.0 N, the solution suits samples with high acid content and serves as a stock for preparing 0.1 N and 0.01 N solutions by accurate tenfold dilution with carbon dioxide-free deionized water.
  • pH adjustment. One-normal sodium hydroxide is widely used to raise pH in buffer preparation, media and reagent formulation, and sample preparation, where its moderate strength allows controlled additions without large volume changes.
  • Standardization. Standardize sodium hydroxide against dried potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) using phenolphthalein or a pH meter. Re-standardize periodically, since hydroxide solutions absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
  • Hazard level. One-normal sodium hydroxide is corrosive and can cause serious eye damage and skin burns, though it is far less aggressive than concentrated caustic. Wear goggles and gloves, and rinse splashes immediately with plenty of water.
  • Two sizes. The 1 quart size (ZS0607-32) suits teaching labs and occasional pH adjustment, while the 1 gallon size (ZS0607-128) supports labs that dilute or titrate daily.
  • Related products. For routine titrations, see Lab Pro's Sodium Hydroxide 0.1N/M, 1 Gallon. Indicate endpoints with Phenolphthalein Indicator 1% in IPA (1 Pint, 20 L).
  • Calculating results. Acid content equals the titrant volume (mL) multiplied by the standardized normality and the acid's milliequivalent weight. For hydrochloric acid, each milliliter of 1.0 N sodium hydroxide corresponds to 36.46 mg.
  • Where it is used. Laboratories use 1.0 N sodium hydroxide to titrate concentrated acids, prepare weaker standard bases, adjust pH in buffers and media, perform saponification and hydrolysis steps, and teach labs demonstrating strong-base chemistry.

Technical Specifications

Chemical Name Sodium hydroxide, aqueous solution
CAS Numbers 1310-73-2 (sodium hydroxide); 7732-18-5 (water)
EC Number (NaOH) 215-185-5
Synonyms Caustic soda solution, lye solution, NaOH solution
Formula (active) NaOH
Molecular Weight (active) 40.00 g/mol
Concentration 1.0 N (1.0 M)
NaOH Content About 40.00 g/L (calculated)
Neutralizing Capacity 1.00 mL = 1.0 mmol acid; 36.46 mg HCl (calculated)
Typical Indicator Phenolphthalein
Primary Standard Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)
Appearance Clear, colorless liquid
Storage Note Absorbs CO2; keep tightly closed
Exposure Limit (NaOH) NIOSH REL 2 mg/m³ ceiling
Package Sizes 1 quart; 1 gallon

Available Variants

  • ZS0607-32: 1 quart for teaching labs and occasional pH adjustment.
  • ZS0607-128 (SH1180): 1 gallon for daily dilution and titration.

Applications / Common Uses

  • Concentrated acid titration: Titrates samples with high acid content.
  • Standard dilutions: Prepares 0.1 N and 0.01 N NaOH.
  • pH adjustment: Raises pH in buffers and media.
  • Hydrolysis steps: Supports saponification and alkaline hydrolysis.
  • Teaching labs: Demonstrates strong base titration.

Storage, Handling & Shipping

Store tightly closed at room temperature, away from acids and reactive metals. Keep the container sealed to limit carbon dioxide absorption, and restandardize when results depend on exact normality.

  • Incompatible materials: Acids, aluminum, zinc, tin, and other reactive metals.
  • Exposure limit (NaOH): NIOSH REL 2 mg/m³ ceiling.
  • Spill response: Contain, neutralize cautiously with a weak acid, and rinse with water.
  • First aid: Eyes: flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Skin: rinse thoroughly.

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FAQs

What is 1 N sodium hydroxide used for?

It is used to titrate samples with high acid content, prepare weaker standard bases by dilution, adjust pH in buffers, media, and reagents, and support saponification and alkaline hydrolysis steps. Its moderate strength allows controlled pH additions without adding large volumes to the solution. It is also a common teaching reagent.

How do I make 0.1 N NaOH from 1 N?

Pipette 100 mL of 1.0 N sodium hydroxide into a 1-liter volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with freshly boiled, cooled deionized water to minimize carbon dioxide. Mix thoroughly and standardize the new solution against potassium hydrogen phthalate before using it. Label the new solution clearly.

Is 1 N sodium hydroxide corrosive?

Yes. One-normal sodium hydroxide can cause serious eye damage and skin burns, even though it is much less aggressive than concentrated caustic. Wear chemical splash goggles and gloves, rinse any splashes immediately with plenty of water, and seek medical attention if it contacts your eyes. Keep an eyewash station nearby.

Why does sodium hydroxide need restandardizing?

Sodium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, converting some hydroxide to sodium carbonate. That reduces its effective strength and blurs titration endpoints. Keep the container tightly closed and restandardize against potassium hydrogen phthalate periodically, especially before critical work. Fresh standardization keeps results comparable from day to day and between analysts.

Which size should I choose?

Choose the quart for teaching labs and occasional pH adjustments, so you use the solution before it absorbs much carbon dioxide. Choose the gallon if you dilute or titrate daily, keep it tightly closed between uses, and re-standardize on a regular schedule. Both contain the same solution.